Geometric measure of entanglement for pure multipartite states

We provide methods for computing the geometric measure of entanglement for two families of pure states with both experimental and theoretical interests: symmetric multiqubit states with non-negative amplitudes in the Dicke basis and symmetric three-qubit states. In addition, we study the geometric measure of pure three-qubit states systematically in virtue of a canonical form of their two-qubit reduced states, and derive analytical formulae for a three-parameter family of three-qubit states. Based on this result, we further show that the W state is the maximally entangled three-qubit state with respect to the geometric measure.Comment: A minor error on the explanation of three-qubit GHZ state has been corrected in the fourth paragraph of page 1. Thanks for Martin Aulbach pointing out this erro

Chemical production complex optimization, pollution reduction and sustainable development

The objective of this research is to propose, develop and demonstrate chemical production complex optimization to determine the optimal configuration of chemical plants in a superstructure of possible plants. The Chemical Complex Analysis System is a new methodology that has been developed to determine the best configuration of plants in a chemical production complex based on the AIChE Total Cost Assessment (TCA) for economic, energy, environmental and sustainable costs. All new, energy-efficient, and environmentally acceptable plants using greenhouse gases that can produce potentially commercial products designed with HYSYS were integrated into the chemical complex using the System. The optimum configuration of plants was determined based on the triple bottom line that includes sales, economic, environmental and sustainable costs using the System. From eighteen new processes in the superstructure, the optimum structure had seven potentially new processes including acetic acid, graphite, formic acid, methylamines, propylene and synthesis gas production. With the additional plants in the optimal structure the triple bottom line increased from $343 to$506 million per year and energy increased from 2,150 to 5,791 TJ/year. Multicriteria optimization has been used with Monte Carlo simulation to determine the sensitivity of the optimal structure of a chemical production complex to prices, costs, and sustainable credits/cost. In essence, for each Pareto optimal solution, there is a cumulative probability distribution function that is the probability as a function of the triple bottom line. This information provides a quantitative assessment of the optimum profit versus sustainable credits/cost, and the risk (probability) that the triple bottom line will meet expectations. The capabilities of the System have been demonstrated, and this methodology could be applied to other chemical production complexes in the world for reduced emissions and energy savings. With this System, engineers will have a new capability to consider projects in depths significantly beyond current capabilities. They will be able to convert their company’s goals and capital into viable projects that meet economic, environmental and sustainable requirements

Increment entropy as a measure of complexity for time series

Entropy has been a common index to quantify the complexity of time series in a variety of fields. Here, we introduce increment entropy to measure the complexity of time series in which each increment is mapped into a word of two letters, one letter corresponding to direction and the other corresponding to magnitude. The Shannon entropy of the words is termed as increment entropy (IncrEn). Simulations on synthetic data and tests on epileptic EEG signals have demonstrated its ability of detecting the abrupt change, regardless of energetic (e.g. spikes or bursts) or structural changes. The computation of IncrEn does not make any assumption on time series and it can be applicable to arbitrary real-world data.Comment: 12pages,7figure,2 table

Some integral inequalities for functions with (n−1)st derivatives of bounded variation

AbstractIn this paper, we generalize Cerone’s results, and a unified treatment of error estimates for a general inequality satisfying f(n−1) being of bounded variation is presented. We derive the estimates for the remainder terms of the mid-point, trapezoid, and Simpson formulas. All constants of the errors are sharp. Applications in numerical integration are also given

A Newton Interpolation Approach to Generalized Stirling Numbers

We employ the generalized factorials to define a Stirling-type pair {s(n,k;α,β,r),S(n,k;α,β,r)} which unifies various Stirling-type numbers investigated by previous authors. We make use of the Newton interpolation and divided differences to obtain some basic properties of the generalized Stirling numbers including the recurrence relation, explicit expression, and generating function. The generalizations of the well-known Dobinski's formula are further investigated

A multi-channel photometric detector for multi-component analysis in flow injection analysis

The detector, a multi-channel photometric detector, described in this paper was developed using multi-wavelength LEDs (light emitting diode) and phototransistors for absorbance measurement controlled by an Intel 8031 8-bit single chip microcomputer. Up to four flow cells can be attached to the detector. The LEDs and phototransistors are both inexpensive, and reliable. The results given by the detector for simultaneous determination of trace amounts of cobalt and cadmium in zinc sulphate electrolyte are reported. Because of the newly developed detector, this approach employs much less hardware apparatus than by employing conventional photometric detectors

Piezo ion channels in cardiovascular mechanobiology

International audienceMechanotransduction plays a key role in vascular development, physiology and disease states. Piezo1 is a mechanosensitive non-selective cationic channel present in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. It is activated by shear stress associated with increases in local blood flow, as well as by cell membrane stretch upon elevation of blood pressure. Here we briefly review the pharmacological modulators of Piezo and discuss the present state of knowledge on the role of Piezo1 in vascular mechanobiology and associated clinical disorders, such as atherosclerosis and hypertension. Ultimately, we believe that this recent research will help identify novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of vascular diseases. Blood flow generates a frictional force acting on the endothelium (shear stress, parallel to the vessel wall), as well as wall distension (stretch; a force perpendicular to the vessel wall) in response to changes in transmural pressure [1-4]. Shear stress can arise due to either laminar (smooth flow with fluid layers sliding in parallel) or turbulent (rough) flow of blood through the vasculature. These mechanical forces have a significant impact on vascular development, physiology and are implicated in various disease states, including atherosclerosis and hypertension [1-4]. Multiple mechanosensors (see Glossary) detect these mechanical forces within vascular cells, including elements of the extracellular matrix (ECM), adhesion molecules, th

Adiponectin Mediates Running-Restored Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Streptozotocin-Induced Type 1 Diabetes in Mice

Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes impairs learning and memory performance and reduces adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Physical exercise brings beneficial effects. We have previously shown that adiponectin, an adipocyte-secreted hormone critically involved in the pathology of diabetes, is a key mediator for exercise-enhanced adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Here, we tested whether adiponectin is required for exercise to restore adult hippocampal neurogenesis in an animal model of diabetes. The findings showed that a single injection of 195 mg/kg STZ-induced diabetes significantly increased serum levels of corticosterone and reduced hippocampal adiponectin levels in adult mice. STZ injection also significantly reduced the number of Ki67 and doublecortin (DCX) positive cells and the ratio of co-labeling of DCX and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) in the hippocampal dentate region, indicating a decrease in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Two-week voluntary wheel running significantly restored hippocampal neurogenesis in the diabetic wild-type mice, but not adiponectin knockout mice, indicating that adiponectin is critical for physical exercise to restore hippocampal adult neurogenesis in mice with diabetes. The results suggest that increasing adiponectin levels could be a therapeutic approach to restore hippocampal neurogenesis impairment in individuals with diabetes